What are two aims of the Lord's chastening of His children?

The correct choice highlights two fundamental aims of the Lord's chastening, which are holiness and the fruit of righteousness. God's chastening is often understood as a loving discipline intended to guide and correct His children, helping them to align more closely with His will.

Holiness refers to being set apart for God's purposes and living in a way that reflects His character and values. When believers experience chastening, it serves the purpose of refining their hearts and actions, encouraging them to pursue a life that is holy and pleasing to God.

The fruit of righteousness encompasses the positive outcomes of living in accordance with God's will, such as love, joy, peace, patience, kindness, goodness, faithfulness, gentleness, and self-control. Chastening can help believers grow in these virtues, producing characteristics that reflect Christ's nature.

Thus, the emphasis on both holiness and the fruit of righteousness in the context of divine chastening illustrates the transformative process that God engages in with His children, molding them to be more like Him and allowing them to bear fruit in their lives that honors Him.